The traditional criteria for designating a unique gene (Mendelian inheritance of a variation accompanied by evidence that it is different from ones previously defined) are today complemented by criteria based on evidence for existence of a function, for possible matching to known genes in the universe of biological systems, for specific functionality of a genomic site, and for uniqueness of a genomic site. We make an effort to reflect the evidence faithfully, and try to be conservative in designating a gene before its time, but in at least a few instances the temptation to designate a gene may have swept criteria aside because of its significance. In other words, the Genelist may sometimes include or exclude inappropriately, and we invite your communications.
Bins: The bin locations of genes are given as one number whenever localization appeared to be sufficiently firm. In cases where one or more bins were prospects, the range of possible bins is given. The assignments should be considered tentative. Bins maps are provided on-line.
Ed Coe, Denis Hancock,and Mary Polacco
1L3 , bin(s) 1.06 , G-band 3 on 1L , cytological structure
ref: 769.
5L5 , bin(s) 5.06 - 5.07 , G-band 5 on 5L , cytological structure
ref: 769.
9L6 , bin(s) 9.07 - 9.08 , G-band 6 on 9L , cytological structure
ref: 769.
6L1 , bin(s) 6.01 - 6.03 , G-band 1 on 6L , cytological structure
ref: 769.
8L7 , bin(s) 8.06 - 8.09 , G-band 7 on 8L , cytological structure
ref: 769.
a1 , bin(s) 3.08 - 3.09 , anthocyaninless1 , colorless aleurone, green or brown plant; brown pericarp with P1-rr , encodes NADPH dihydroflavonol reductase
ref: 213.
a2 , bin(s) 5.04 , anthocyaninless2 , like a1, but red pericarp with P1-rr , may encode flavanone 3-hydroxylase
ref: 351.
a3 , bin(s) 3.08 , anthocyanin3 , recessive intensifier of expression of R1 and B1 in plant tissue , encodes a3-product
ref: 442.
aaa1 , adenosylmethionine aminotransferase1 , endosperm cDNA 5C01E09 (uaz113) similar to bacterial biotin synthesis enzyme , may encode S-adenosylmethionine--8-amino-7-oxononanoate transaminase
ref: 310.
aap1 , acylaminoacyl-peptidase1 , endosperm cDNA 5C09A06, similar to acylaminoacyl-peptidase , may encode acylaminoacyl-peptidase
ref: 310.
aba1 , abscisic stress protein homolog , root cDNA, sequence similar to plant abscisic acid stress and ripening proteins
ref: 19.
abc1 , ABC(yeast) homolog1 , endosperm cDNA 5C05H02(uaz263) similar to yeast ABC1 protein , may encode chaperonin, mitochondrial cytochrome b
ref: 310.
abp1 , bin(s) 3.05 , auxin binding protein1 , putative auxin receptor, single band in Southerns, endoplasmic reticulum and plasma membrane locales (aka axr1, aux311) , encodes auxin binding protein
ref: 822.
abp4 , auxin binding protein homolog4 , putative auxin receptor, genomic clone, promoter-reporter gene fusion functional in maize leaf protoplasts. cDNA ZmERabp4 probes one band on Southerns , may encode auxin binding protein, ABP4
ref: 727.
abp5 , auxin binding protein homolog5 , genomic sequence, promoter-reporter gene fusion functional in maize protoplasts , may encode auxin binding protein, ABP5
ref: 727.
abph1 , bin(s) 2.03 , aberrant phyllotaxy1 , decussate leaves and ear shoots (opposite at nodes) frequent; variable, recessive
ref: 288, 289, 341.
abs1 , abnormal stomates1 , Seedling lethal. Leaf blades of seedling appear translucent. Lack of functional stomates caused by lack of normal guard cells. .
Ac , Activator , autonomous transposable element, regulates Ds transposition and dissociation; Ac9 is element isolated from wx1-m9 , encodes TPase, putative Ac transposase
ref: 80, 491.
Ac2 , Activator2 , similar to Ac, but one dose engenders no excisions, and higher doses show exponential increases
ref: 179, 181.
Ac9 , Activator9 , isolated from wx-m9; 4563bp
ref: 495, 534.
acc1 , bin(s) 10.04 , acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase1 , tissue-culture selected resistance to cyclohexanedione (e.g., sethoxydim) and aryloxy phenoxypropionate (e.g., haloxyfop) herbicides (probed site accB on chromosome 10 may correspond) , encodes acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase I
ref: 607.
aco1 , bin(s) 4.04 - 4.05 , aconitase1 , electrophoretic mobility; monomeric , encodes aconitate hydratase
ref: 861.
aco2 , aconitase2 , electrophoretic mobility , encodes aconitate hydratase
ref: 861.
aco3 , aconitase3 , electrophoretic mobility , encodes aconitate hydratase
ref: 861.
aco4 , aconitase4 , electrophoretic mobility; monomeric , encodes aconitate hydratase
ref: 861.
acp1 , bin(s) 9.03 , acid phosphatase1 , electrophoretic mobility; cytosolic; dimeric , encodes acid phosphatase
ref: 204, 205, 278.
acp2 , acid phosphatase2 , electrophoretic mobility; dimeric , encodes acid phosphatase
ref: 205, 278, 370.
acp4 , bin(s) 1.11 - 1.12 , acid phosphatase4 , electrophoretic mobility; monomeric , encodes acid phosphatase
ref: 370.
acpt1 , acyl carrier protein1 , acyl carrier protein (acp) cDNA, encodes 121 aa polypeptide, contains transit peptide sequence , encodes acyl carrier protein
ref: 771.
ad1 , bin(s) 1.08 , adherent1 , seedling leaves, tassel branches, and occasionally top leaves adhere
ref: 381.
ad2 , adherent2 , upper leaves and tassel tend to adhere and fuse; seedling and juvenile stages normal
ref: 576.
ada1 , adherent anthers1 , Anthers within each floret are fused together along their sides. .
adc1 , bin(s) 8.02 - 8.03 , amino deoxychorismate synthesis homolog1 , leaf cDNA csu329, single copy, similar to bacterial folate biosynthesis enzyme , may encode p-aminobenzoate synthase glutamine amidotransferase, CII
ref: 40.
adf1 , actin depolymerizing factor1 , pollen cDNA similar to yeast cofilin , may encode actin depolymerizing factor
ref: 685.
adh1 , bin(s) 1.10 , alcohol dehydrogenase1 , electrophoretic mobility; null alleles are known; dimeric; intra/interlocus hybrid bands occur) , encodes alcohol dehydrogenase
ref: 718, 724.
adh2 , bin(s) 4.02 - 4.03 , alcohol dehydrogenase2 , electrophoretic mobility, null alleles are known; dimeric, intra/interlocus hybrid bands occur; SSRs nc004, phi021 , encodes alcohol dehydrogenase
ref: 724.
adk1 , bin(s) 6.00 , adenylate kinase1 , electrophoretic mobility; plastidial , encodes adenylate kinase
ref: 866.
adr1 , alcohol dehydrogenase regulator1 , recessive (in strain R6-67) sustains higher levels of scutellar ADH vs. usual decline (in W64A) during germination
ref: 407.
ae1 , bin(s) 5.05 , amylose extender1 , glassy, tarnished endosperm; high amylose content; application: highly linear starch is used for food films, fibers, and other industrial purposes , encodes starch branching enzyme II
ref: 842.
aec1 , aminoethyl-L-cysteine resistant1 , dominant Aec1 resistant to lysine analog; elevated lysine content
ref: 24.
aec5 , aminoethyl-L-cysteine resistant5 , recessive aec5 resistant to lysine analog; elevated lysine content
ref: 24.
afd1 , bin(s) 6.01 - 6.08 , absence of first division1 , male and female sterility; failure of synapsis, anaphase I equatorial
ref: 268.
agp1 , bin(s) 2.06 , ADP glucose pyrophosphorylase1 , embryo cDNA that hybridizes to endosperm transcripts, distinct from sh2 and bt2 but most similar to the sh2 gene product , encodes ADP glucose pyrophosphosphorylase, embryo-- large subunit
ref: 263.
agp2 , bin(s) 6.07 - 6.08 , ADP glucose pyrophosphorylase2 , leaf or embryo cDNA similar to bt2 sequence, but distinct 3'-noncoding sequence and Southern blot pattern , encodes ADP glucose pyrophosphosphorylase, leaf -- small subunit
ref: 631.
agt1 , agravitropic1 , primary root unresponsive to gravity
ref: 196.
ahh1 , adenosyl homocysteine hydrolase1 , endosperm cDNA 5C01H11 (uaz145) similar to plant activated methyl cycle enzyme , encodes S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine hydrolase
ref: 310.
aip1 , auxin induced protein homolog1 , leaf cDNA csu190, similar to auxin-induced protein , may encode auxin-induced protein
ref: 40.
akh1 , bin(s) 4.05 , aspartate kinase-homoserine dehydrogenase1 , cDNA 77% homologous to carrot threonine-sensitive AK-HSDH bifunctional enzyme , encodes aspartate kinase homoserine dehydrogenase
ref: 533.
akh2 , bin(s) 2.06 , aspartate kinase homoserine dehydrogenase2 , cDNA sequence 75% homologous to carrot threonine sensitive AK-HSDH bifunctional enzyme , encodes aspartate kinase homoserine dehydrogenase
ref: 533.
al1 , bin(s) 2.01 , albescent plant1 , variably cross-banded to white leaves, pale yellow endosperm, some alleles viviparous; y3 is allelic
ref: 624.
ald1 , bin(s) 8.06 , aldolase1 , cytosolic aldolase; cDNA and genomic clones; Southern blots give single or double band; promoter functional in transient expression assay , encodes aldolase
ref: 298, 378.
alh1 , bin(s) 1.11 , histone Ia , (was H1a); electrophoretic mobility , encodes histone Ia
ref: 801.
alp1 , aluminum-induced protein homolog1 , leaf cDNA csu359 similar to wheat aluminum-induced protein, GenBank accession L28008 , may encode aluminum-induced protein
ref: 40.
alpha , a1 locus component (see beta) , determines reduced aleurone and plant color, brown pericarp
ref: 418.
als1 , bin(s) 4.05 , acetolactate synthase1 , sensitive to imidazolinone herbicides; acetohydroxyacid synthase has altered herbicide inhibition kinetics , encodes acetohydroxyacid synthase
ref: 18, 581.
als2 , bin(s) 5.03 - 5.04 , acetolactate synthase2 , sensitive to imidazolinone herbicides; acetohydroxyacid synthase has altered herbicide inhibition kinetics , encodes acetohydroxyacid synthase
ref: 18, 581.
alt1 , L-alanine:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase1 , electrophoretic mobility; alt1 and alt2 interact to form heterodimers , encodes L-alanine:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase
ref: 853.
alt2 , L-alanine:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase2 , electrophoretic mobility; alt1 and alt2 interact to form heterodimers , encodes L-alanine:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase
ref: 853.
alt3 , L-alanine:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase3 , electrophoretic mobility , encodes L-alanine:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase
ref: 853.
am1 , bin(s) 5.03 , ameiotic1 , male and female sterility - anaphase I equatorial; alleles am1-pra1(was pra1), am1-2 (was am2)
ref: 602, 663.
amp1 , bin(s) 1.07 , aminopeptidase1 , electrophoretic mobility; cytosolic; monomeric , encodes aminopeptidase
ref: 597.
amp2 , bin(s) 1.06 - 1.07 , aminopeptidase2 , electrophoretic mobility; monomeric , encodes aminopeptidase
ref: 597.
amp3 , bin(s) 5.04 , aminopeptidase3 , electrophoretic mobility; monomeric , encodes aminopeptidase
ref: 597.
amp4 , aminopeptidase4 , electrophoretic mobility; monomeric , encodes aminopeptidase
ref: 597.
amy1 , alpha amylase1 , electrophoretic mobility; monomeric; possibly identical to amy3 , encodes alpha amylase
ref: 127.
amy2 , bin(s) 5.03 - 5.04 , beta amylase2 , electrophoretic mobility; monomeric , encodes beta amylase
ref: 126.
amy3 , bin(s) 2.06 - 2.07 , alpha amylase L25805 , aleurone cDNA pMAs5, 94% similarity to rice alpha amylase; possibly identical to amy1 , encodes alpha amylase
ref: 894.
an1 , bin(s) 1.08 , anther ear1 , andromonoecious dwarf, intermediate stature; few tassel branches; responds to gibberellins; an1-6923 includes deletion of Bz2+ , encodes ent-kaurene synthase, A-activity
ref: 207, 210.
anl1 , bin(s) 5.03 , anthocyaninless lethal1 , Colorless aleurone; small kernels; embryo inviable
ref: 149.
ans1 , anthranilate synthase homolog1 , leaf cDNA csu65 sequence similar to yeast TRP3 gene , may encode anthranilate synthase
ref: 377.
ant1 , adenine nucleotide translocator1 , leaf cDNA, open reading frame encodes 40,519 Da polypeptide; single site (5L, MNL 67) contradicted by two sites probed in Tropical Maize F2's by p-csuh26 , encodes adenine nucleotide translocator, mitochondrial
ref: 28.
ant2 , adenine nucleotide translocator2 , cDNA sequence corresponds to genomic sequence; actively transcribed in basal meristem, not in green leaves , encodes adenine nucleotide translocator, mitochondrial
ref: 36.
aph1 , aphid resistance1 , recessive resistance
ref: 71, 124.
app1 , abnormal phragmoplast formation1 , phragmoplasts in microsporocytes abnormal, cytokinesis disorganized (aka aph1)
ref: 786.
apx1 , ascorbate peroxidase homolog , leaf cDNA csu238, partial 5' sequence similar to plant ascorbate peroxidase , may encode ascorbate peroxidase
ref: 40.
apx2 , ascorbate peroxidase2 , leaf cDNA, similar to plant cytosolic ascorbate peroxidase; sequence distinct from apx1 , may encode ascorbate peroxidase
ref: 833.
ar1 , bin(s) 9.03 , argentia1 , virescent seedling, greens rapidly; husk leaf tips striped
ref: 224.
arf1 , ADP-ribosylation factor homolog1 , cDNA similar to ARF family of GTP binding proteins , may encode GTP-binding, ARF family
ref: 838.
ars1 , autonomously replicating sequence1 , replicates in yeast; 11,000 copies in maize
ref: 61.
ars2 , autonomously replicating sequence2 , replicates in yeast; 10,000 copies in maize
ref: 61.
ars3 , autonomously replicating sequence3 , replicates in yeast; 28,000 copies in maize
ref: 61.
as1 , bin(s) 1.05 , asynaptic1 , synaptic failure in male and female
ref: 42.
ask1 , bin(s) 7.01 - 7.02 , aspartate kinase1 , lysine-threonine resistance in cultures and seedlings, increased threonine in kernels, altered kinetics of aspartate kinase , encodes aspartate kinase
ref: 184.
ask2 , bin(s) 2.06 , aspartate kinase2 , lysine-threonine resistance , encodes aspartate kinase
ref: 184.
asn1 , Zea asparagine synthetase homolog1 , cDNA sequence 70% identical to asparagine synthetase from Pisum sativum , encodes asparagine synthetase
ref: 133, 134.
asp1 , absence of meiotic spindle1 , meiosis normal up to diakinesis; spindle absent, telophases contain 3-10 nuclei
ref: 814.
asr1 , bin(s) 4.01 , absence of seminal roots1 , dominant Asr1 seedlings lack seminal roots
ref: 520.
atn1 , anaerobic tolerant null1 , enhances survival of ADH-null under anoxia
ref: 425.
atp1 , bin(s) 3.05 , ATPase1 , leaf cDNA csu30 is identical to Avena sativa vacuolar ATPase subunit , encodes proteolipid, vacuolar ATPase
ref: 377.
atp2 , ATP synthase2 , cDNA clone , encodes ATP synthase beta chain, mitochondrial
ref: 881.
atp3 , ATP synthase3 , vegetative meristem cDNA 7C02A03 , encodes ATP synthase, mitochondrial, delta subunit
ref: 311.
atpc1 , ATP synthase gamma subunit1 , N-terminal amino acid sequence, cDNA sequence from clone selected using anti-delta-CF1 serum , en